Pluralism Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pluralism - Coursework ExampleIn the framework of this view we can see that in the world there are those who testament have the scintillation of the gospel, and those who will not Existing Light View. This one implies that those who respond positively to the light will have be able to bum the salvation without further light Greater Light View. Here it is asserted that those who respond to the light, will be given greater light Later Light View. Here it is said that the dislodge to hear the gospel and respond for or against Jesus will be certainly given to those who have never heard of Christ at the number Advent or after death.The self-assessment of the Christianity, in context of pluralism varied from asseverateing on its exclusivity to the recognition of the other religions - and is still not fully defined. Many Christians insist that life in Christ leads to the life in the world of future, while all other religious with their pluralism reflect different ways of the human att empts to get the Gospel Truth within the framework of

Juan Luna and Filipinos Great Pride Essay Example for Free

Juan Luna and Filipinos Great Pride EssayThe first topic youll broadside about the word- depiction is its size. Standing at 4 meters in height and 7 meters in width, the painting no doubt commands attention and gives off a majestic aura. Any viewer of the painting will feel dwarfed by the large painting and may feel overwhelmed by the magnanimity of it. The next intimacy youll posting about the Spoliarium is the rich colors used. Predominantly, the painter made use of warm colors for his work of art, with reds being a central color that attracts the well-nigh attention. In person, the colors atomic number 18 striking and quite unique.The Spoliarium depicts an even during the Roman empire, where gladiators die for entertainment. The painting shows how gladiators are being dragged mercilessly by men towards an unmapped darkness, where other tragically killed gladiators are brought. To the left is a cheering crowd, screaming for blood while to the right, a woman is crouche d and seemingly in sorrow. The painting shows a tragic event, definitely. But it also shows a deeper meaning, especially for the Filipinos during the time of the Spanish colonization (which lasted over 400 years ).According to art experts, the fallen gladiators who are being dragged are the Filipino people, while the men dragging them into the darkness are representative of the Spanish rule. The woman crouched on the right side of the painting is believed to be the Mother Country or the Inang Bayan who weeps for her Philippines. The blood thirsty crowd to the left is a representation of the social cancer of that time. Truly, there is more than meets the mettleball when it comes to Lunas painting. The Spoliarium shows the Spanish governments mistreatment of the Philippines.The dead bodies of the gladiators represent the Spanish killings of Filipino revolutionaries. The Spoliarium is famous among the Filipino people, to say the least. The fact that Luna had gained recognition among other Spaniards in Madrid because of this painting has assumption the Filipinos great pride. This also shows that the Filipinos have skills that can equal, if not, surpass the Europeans of that time. This is why the painting, along with Hidalgos, are deemed National Cultural Treasures, because they were able to contribute to the development of art in the Philippines.The Spoliarium can be found in the Hall of the Masters of The National Museum of the Philippines. Whether you are a foreigner or a local, take a hardly a(prenominal) hours off your schedule to visit the museum and learn more about Philippine culture and history through the eyes of its artists. It is an educational and enriching experience. The first thing youll notice about the painting is its size. Standing at 4 meters in height and 7 meters in width, the painting no doubt commands attention and gives off a majestic aura.Any viewer of the painting will feel dwarfed by the large painting and may feel overwhelmed by the magnanimity of it. The next thing youll notice about the Spoliarium is the rich colors used. Predominantly, the painter made use of warm colors for his work of art, with reds being a central color that attracts the close to attention. In person, the colors are striking and quite unique. The Spoliarium depicts an even during the Roman empire, where gladiators die for entertainment. The painting shows how gladiators are being dragged mercilessly by men towards an unknown region darkness, where other tragically killed gladiators are brought.To the left is a cheering crowd, screaming for blood while to the right, a woman is crouched and seemingly in sorrow. The painting shows a tragic event, definitely. But it also shows a deeper meaning, especially for the Filipinos during the time of the Spanish colonization (which lasted over 400 years ). According to art experts, the fallen gladiators who are being dragged are the Filipino people, while the men dragging them into the darkness are representative of the Spanish rule. The woman crouched on the right side of the painting is believed to be the Mother Country or the Inang Bayan who weeps for her Philippines.The blood thirsty crowd to the left is a representation of the social cancer of that time. Truly, there is more than meets the eye when it comes to Lunas painting. The Spoliarium shows the Spanish governments mistreatment of the Philippines. The dead bodies of the gladiators represent the Spanish killings of Filipino revolutionaries. The Spoliarium is famous among the Filipino people, to say the least. The fact that Luna had gained recognition among other Spaniards in Madrid because of this painting has give the Filipinos great pride.This also shows that the Filipinos have skills that can equal, if not, surpass the Europeans of that time. This is why the painting, along with Hidalgos, are deemed National Cultural Treasures, because they were able to contribute to the development of art in the Philippines. The Spoliarium can be found in the Hall of the Masters of The National Museum of the Philippines. Whether you are a foreigner or a local, take a a few(prenominal) hours off your schedule to visit the museum and learn more about Philippine culture and history through the eyes of its artists. It is an educational and enriching experience.

Junking the Junk Food Essay Example for Free

Junking the Junk Food EssayIn this article the author is trying to show us how our demesne has become very unhealthy nation. Warner believes that to end the obesity in the country the government needs to be involved. They should make healthy food more likeable while making the junk food less appealing. There are a lot of people whom are worrying and trying to change the dash majority of Ameri sewer people eat. Because almost 40% of American people are fat, and that because the way they eat. Lot of politicians are trying to send their message to the prevalent and trying to make them realize that fast food is harmful for them and eating healthy is good. Personally I go intot think that government can force somebody to change the way they eat. The only way or the only solution is changing our culture, because most of the people think eating burgers and fry every daytime is normal, thats their culture. But the day that we change that thinking and the day that we start thinkin g that eating healthy (fruits, vegetables) everyday is a normal, than we are deviation to have a different culture, and wholly different America. 400 Warner identifies how politician Sarah Palin recently made an appearance in Bucks County, Pennsylvania with cookies to pass out to the kids of the local anesthetic schools and how unnecessary the act was.Criticizing Palins actions, Warner continues on her point of how children are not deprived of these treats that some believe to be needed and how these foods and lack of nutrition need to be changed not encouraged. 401- Warner too mentions here how Glenn Beck mocked the governmentand led to government health inspectors shutting down a7-year olds lemonade stand. Government cant regulate what the American people eatand dont eat. Because there are lot of educated people and know the consequences of eating too much fatty foods. She also refers to Michelle Obamas campaign to fight back childhood obesity. She wants to change our culture educating peoples to eat fruits and vegetables instead of french fries and burgers. 402- Warner explains how government is trying to regulate the amount of junk food that we eat.She is trying to correspond current events and historical events to explain how the eating habits in our country have changed over the years. An example is the food rationing programs of World War 2 She also offers some solutions to the problem of obesity in the country. One of these solutions is that we should make fatting foods look bad, like we made cigarettes look bad. People will have a touchy time changing their eating habits when junk food is portrayed as delicious and they dont directly receive negative side make 403- The only way or the only solution is changing our culture, because most of the people think eating burgers and fries everyday is normal, thats their culture. But the day that we change that thinking and the day that we start thinking that eating healthy (fruits, vegetables) everyday is a normal, than we are going to have a different culture, and totally different America. 404- She also mention if we stop putting the cigarette like a sexy and cool product instead of putting something really bad that can damage our lungs and cause a horrible disease like a lung cancer can stop people smoking.

Sample Turnaround Times for Three Histoprocessing Methods

Sample Turnaround Times for Three Histo impact MethodsIntroductionTurnaround time for any pathological laboratory is very important which depends upon the grooming and diagnosis of the histopathologic material. The rapidity advantages the clinician to treat acutely ill patients and influence the work practice of the pathologist. With the advent of modernization tissue impact is modified from the point of tissue removal to embedding for instant histopathological diagnosis by various techniques or rules.After the surgical removal, the tissue undergoes preparatory protocol for preparation of sections which usually involves impregnation with a suitable supporting medium. The stages of tissue touch on include fixation, vaporisation, clearing, impregnation and embedding for designated durations of time to ensure completion of the procedure. Culling 1974, Bancroft Gamble 2002The reproducibility and relatively low expense attached to the most commonly employed method continues to re commend it as a valuable tool after nearly one hundred years of existence. But with the demand of faster or early reporting, newer techniques like rapid manual and micro-cook process be getting introduced. Each of them is grotesque with their own set of advantages and disadvantages.The constituted tissue processing is reliable and apostrophize effective provided time consumption, reagent toxicity and delay in providing diagnosis argon the major disadvantages. The rapid manual tissue processing has major disadvantages like the use of noxious chemicals, greater degree of tissue distortion and shrinkage which guide to exploration for new short processing schedules. The zap tissue processing eliminates the use of noxious chemicals, causes lesser distortion of tissue and has shorter processing time but the cost involved in instrumentation is very high. (Panja et al. 2007)Microwaves were invented by Percy Spencer in 1945 which work on the principle of producing hotness by oscilla ting or evoke polar molecules. The vaporize irradiation forces dipolar molecules of proteins to rotate through 180 at the rate of 2.45 billion cycles per second (Srinivasan, Sedmak Jewell 2002, Bancroft Gamble 2002). These excited molecules due to kinetics cause collision with adjacent molecules resulting in transfer of rotational energy. This friction causes production of heat within the material itself starring(p) to accelerated diffusion of processing fluids hence faster processing is possible.The advantages associated with atomize processing led to the production of commercially available microwaves specifically designed for tissue processing, however, the cost involved in these is very high (Leong 2004, Rohr et al. 2001). Domestic microwaves are readily available, affordable and had been used for tissue processing with skillful results earlier by some authors.Thus, the aim of the bounty study was to compare and analyse the efficacy of ternary histoprocessing methods a nd to determine the impact on turnaround times of tissue processing by these three methods.Materials and methodIn the perplex study, 60 specimens were selected randomly. The well-to-do tissue specimen fixed in 10% NBF for 24h were included in the study and hard tissues like cartilage, rise and tooth were non included in the study. The gross features of the specimen were recorded and tissues were cut into three pitchs of approximately same size to be processed by three methods. The sections obtained after processing were subsequently dye with HE by routine and microwave staining method.The stained slides in to each one group processed by three techniques were randomly numbered for a blind study and circulated among four beholders referred as O1-O4. The observers graded each parameter on the format given in appendix D by following specific criteria as given in appendix C.MethodologyMicrowave tissue processingThe microwave oven was calibrated as the microwave energy is non un iform within the chamber. Thus, hot and cold percentage points were find in the chamber with the use of thermal paper sheet kind of of the use of extra urine load as suggested by various authors. The cold spot provided the most consistent results every time.The technique was self-standardized by audition and error method in the LG domesticated Microwave (Model no. MS-285SD). The microwave was operated at the maximum output power of 40% (approximately 360 W) with rotating tray and ring removed. The cut piece from a fixed tissue essay was placed in a plastic tissue cassette and water washed in track tap water so that tissue was uncaring of formalin. The tissue was irradiated in 200ml of 100% methanol and 200ml of 100% isopropyl alcohol for dehydration at cold spot for 2 cycles of 10 minutes each individually in the microwave. After dehydration tissue was impregnated in 200ml of molten paraffin wax for 2 cycles at cold spot of 10 min each and was embedded in paraffin wax.Conv entional Tissue ProcessingThe cut piece from a fixed tissue sample was placed in a metal tissue cassette and water washed in running tap water so that tissue should be free of formalin. The tissue was dehydrated in 70% alcohol (one change), 90% alcohol (one change) and 100% alcohol three changes of 1 h each respectively. After dehydration tissue was cleared in two changes of xylene of 1 h each. Finally, tissue was impregnated in 2 changes of molten paraffin wax for 1 h each and was embedded.Rapid Manual Tissue ProcessingThe cut piece from a fixed tissue sample was water washed in running tap water so that tissue should be free of formalin, after that tissue was wrapped in filter paper and dehydrated in 95% alcohol, 100% alcohol for 20 min on a stir plate. The dehydrated tissue was cleared in xylene for 20 min on a stir plate 20 min on a stir plate. Tissue was impregnated in 2 changes of molten paraffin wax of 1h each and was then embedded.The microwave processed tissue were stained as given in table no. ____. Conventional and rapid manual processed tissues were stained as given in table no.___________.Statistical AnalysisThe values obtained from different observers after assessment of sections processed by the three techniques were subjected to statistical psychoanalysis by Kruskal Wallis Test. peerless way ANOVA (Analysis of variance) was used for comparing mean shrinkage in tissues processed by the three histoprocessing methods. The P value Results altogether observers were assumed to be reliable as the Cronbachs reliability test was statistically significant. Complete concordance was found amongst all pathologists in most of the cases. Hence, observer 1 was randomly selected for further analysis.The histopathological evaluation of the epithelium, fibrous tissues and glandular tissue revealed that the nuclear cytoplasmic contrast was good and cellular outline was distinct in tissues processed by microwave assisted technique followed by conventional process ing and rapid manual processing techniques. The stroma was good with distinct cellular outline. The secretory products can be easily appreciated and the RBCs, inflammatory cells were intact. The results were statistically non-significant as observed by Kruskal Wallis test.The work intensity of the tissues graded by four observers revealed that the microwave sections were crisper and there was a good contrast between the hematoxyphilic and eosinophillic areas. Though some slides were not visualised up to the mark, all the three histoprocessing methods were comparable to each other.One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant value on comparison of the tissue shrinkage processed by the three techniques. The dimensions of the tissues were recorded forward dehydration and paraffin embedding. The mean percentage of shrinkage in rapid manual technique was significantly higher as compared to the other two techniques whereas statistically non-significant value was obtained on comparing conventional and microwave method of tissue processing.DiscussionMicrowaves are electromagnetic waves(Microwave Processing Techniques for Microscopy) which causes oscillation and excitation of polar molecules which are usually dipolar molecules of proteins in tissues. The excited molecules cause collision with adjacent molecules due to kinetics producing friction and causes production of heat within the material itself. The heat produced enhances the rate of diffusion of fluids to permeate into the tissues. The rise in temperature decreases the viscosity of processing fluids that facilitates diffusion. at that placefore it is theoretically possible to fasten the tissue fixation and processing. This has resulted in a substantial reduction in the basic steps of histoprocessing, thereby reducing turnaround time and providing same day diagnosis.The lotions of microwaves are extensive which includes tissue fixation, stabilization of large specimens, tissue processing for light and electron microscopy, histochemical and immunohistochemical staining.Microwave tissue processing technique was introduced by Boon and Kok in 1985 (Leong 2004) but the potential application of microwave energy was first recognized by Mayers in 1970 who successfully fixed tissue with a microwave generator (Kok, Visser Boon 1988). Boon et al. (1986) inform that it was possible to produce significant acceleration of tissue processing by using microwave radiation. Visinoni et al. (1998) first described the tissue processor that completed the processing in 30-120 min, thus reducing the processing time from 24 h to just 1-2 h providing early reporting and easy patient management.Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare the cytoplasmic and nuclear details as well as staining characteristics of tissue sections processed by conventional, rapid manual and microwave techniques.The noxious chemicals used in conventional tissue processing were replaced in microwave tissue proc essing. In the microwave processing in contrast to conventional tissue processing, isopropyl alcohol was replaced by methanol as dehydrating agent and xylene by isopropyl alcohol as intermediate agent. Molten paraffin wax remained the impregnating and embedding medium for both the techniques. The reagent selection was in consonance with Babu, Malathi and Mangesh (2011) who also used methanol, isopropyl alcohol and molten paraffin wax for microwave tissue processing.Microwave radiation produced when cypher the chamber it is reflected by the chamber walls until these gets absorbed by the material placed inside the chamber (Wong 2011). However, the spreading is not even throughout the chamber racecourseing to formation of hot and cold spot zones. (Kok, Boon Smid 1993, Thostenson Chow 1999, Rutgers 2013).Hence, hot cold spots should be detected to achieve consistent results. Various authors capture described methods for detection of hot and cold spots.Microwave processing was self -standardized by trial and error method in which the hot and cold spots were detected by using a damp thermal paper Kok, Boon and Smid (1993). All the procedures in the microwave were carried out in the cold spot zones as suggested by Sharp and Paperiello (1971), Benard (1974), Rangell and Keller (2000) in their respective studies.Microwavable plastic tissue cassettes were used for microwave tissue processing which are cheap and reusable as bimetallic utensils are contraindicated in the microwave because the electric fields of the waves produced by microwave magnetron are completely reflected at the same frequency by metals which can lead to sparking. (Vollmer 2004).In the present study, the staining protocol for microwave was followed as given by Babu, Malathi and Mangesh (2011) which included the stains used to be accelerated in the microwave. Kayser and Bubenzer (1990) used domestic microwave oven for acceleration of the various stains which also included HE stain. Valle (1986), Moorlag, Boon and Kok (1987) and Mathai et al. (2008) modified various special stain protocols for microwave and concluded that microwave did not produce any deleterious effects on staining.In our study, the three pieces of tissue processed by three techniques sectioned by a soft tissue microtome and stained as per their respective protocols were evaluated. We adopted the criterion for evaluation of tissue sections given by Kango and Deshmukh (2011).The overall quality of the tissue sections processed by microwave and manual methods was comparable. The microwave processed sections had same or similar cytoplasmic and nuclear details with good erythrocyte integrity and lymphocytic style than the manual methods. Similar results are given by Mathai et al. (2008), Morales et al. (2002), Bhuvanamha et al. (2013), Panja et al. (2007), Boon et al. (1986), Kok et al. (1988).We also observed that the stroma in some cases was slightly more condensed focally in microwave processed tissue sect ions which is similar to the findings reported by Boon, Kok and Ouwerkerk-Noordam (1986) This lead to the erroneous categorization of these cases as indistinct in studies by Kango and Deshmukh (2011). Since our criterion was adopted from the preceding(prenominal) mentioned study we also placed focal condensation of stroma as indistinct. In contrast Kok, Visser and Boon (1988) refuted the importance of focal condensation of stroma in diagnostic pathology.The colour intensity of the tissues graded by four observers revealed that the microwave sections were crisper and there was a good contrast between the hematoxyphilic and eosinophillic areas. The microwave processed tissues showed an increased reaction to HE. The sections stained were slightly more eosinophilic as compared to the manual techniques. Similar findings are reported by Hopwood et al. (1984), Boon et al. (1986), Chaudhari, Chattopadhyay and Dutta (2000), Leong and Price (2004), Panja et al. (2007), Mathai et al. (2008), Babu, Malathi and Mangesh (2011). Hopwood et al. (1984) suggested that this eosinophilia could be easily corrected by altering the stain composition or staining time in eosin. In contrast Leong Price (2004) observed that eosinophilia of the cytoplasm was advantageous as it produced good nuclear cytoplasmic contrast and enhancement of the cellular features.The dysplastic features i.e. hyperchromatism, pleomorphism of tumor cells and mitotic figures were easily appreciable in the microwave processed tissue sections of malignancy. There was also an easy appreciation of the giant cells in the tissues of Central Giant cell Granuloma and tubercular lymphadenitis processed by microwave processing technique.Rapid processing of histopathologic material is becoming increasingly desirable for intraoperative consultations and timely diagnosis. We found positive impact on turnaround time in microwave method as the time taken for block preparation from fixed tissue was 1h as compared to conventi onal method (9h) and rapid manual method (3h).In some cases, decent diagnosis could not be reached as the size of the tissue was small and the sample was not representative of the site. Similar difficulties were also encountered by Suri et al. (2006), Kango and Deshmukh (2011) in their respective studies.As assessed in our study, the effects of the three methods of histoprocessing on cytoplasmic and nuclear details of epithelial, fibrous and glandular tissue showed no statistically significant variation. The microwave technique was comparable or slightly better than the manual methods.ConclusionThe applications and versatility of microwave processing methods are unattainable with conventional procedures. The method reported herein reproducibly yields similar histologic quality to that provided by conventional processing. It has many advantages including feasibility, safety and elimination of noxious chemicals that might be used for improvement in the practice of the histopathology laboratory, permitting the preparation of diagnostic material within a day. Domestic microwaves are easily available and cost effective but have original notable disadvantages like uneven heating and inability to record and maintain temperature within the chamber. Further exploration in the field is required for development of cost effective microwave histoprocessors for histopathology which provide similar histologic material for rapid diagnosis and reporting.References

Ethical Debates on Cloning

Ethical Debates on CloningIntroductionOver the olden few years kind-hearted dead ringer has become a great concern, this is mainly because of ethics. at that place ar many great reason that restrain been presented intimately why to toller or why not to re- bring to pass.There have been great results produced by animal cloning. This has made some people suggest that charitable ringers should alike be produced. Lots of sources have highlighted the fact that there is a possibility that we can knockoff a military man to replace someone who has died. but there be many moral concerns raised when we speak of cloning pityings.Defining Human CloningBefore discussing the topic of cloning we must spot what cloning is. There are many views on how cloning can be defined. For example the American Medical Association (AMA) defined cloning as the production of genetically identical organisms via somatic kiosk nuclear transfer. Somatic stall nuclear transfer refers to the process which the nucleus of a somatic cell of an existing organism is transferred into an oocyte from which the nucleus has been removed (Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs 1). So basically a clone has the same genes as the cloned. In order to clone you wold take an pelt, with come out of the closet a nucleus, then(prenominal) insert the DNA of the soulfulness that is to be cloned into the egg. This process is to be done by fussing the egg with the cell, or by nuclear transfer. Then we would make the egg become and embryo by means of electricity or by chemicals. Then we would implant the egg inside the mother for the egg to grow. There are other definitions to cloning. Some say that cloning is also the production of tissues and organs through growing cells or tissues in cultures along with the actual producing of embryos to be born. This process would be done by using stem cells. When a fertilized egg begins to divide, all the cells inside are similar. However, when the cells s tart to divide the cells start changing and become stem cells, stem cells are cells that produce different types of tissues and then those tissues provide produce organs. We can clone organs by producing stem cells which result then bring in that organ.But we must understand that when we clone we dont not modernise lay claim copies of the cloned. When we clone, the DNA of the cloned provide transfer to the clone but the person pass on not be an exact copy becausethe clone will grow up in a different environment than the cloned and the clone will have different experiences and different opportunities. And since an individual also adapts based on experiences and the surroundings, the clone will look and do different things than the cloned.How It All StartedBefore we speak of the fair and bad of cloning we must see how cloning started. The idea of cloning was in effect(p) science fiction until February 1997, when Ian Wilmut, an embryologist, found a way to clone a lamb, its na me was Dolly. After this experiments conclusion was published we were introduced to a new possibility.Previously, cloning was fantasy to be unachiev satisfactory but because of this experiment there has been proof that cloning can be accomplished and we have the knowledge and technology to do so.The first-year victoriously cloned mammal was Dolly and since then there scientists have made improvement to the cloning technology and procedure and know people have been able to create clones such as mouse, cattle, goat, pig, deer, rabbit, cat, mule, and horse clones.Even though technology has improved he chances of successful clones is very slim. For every 100 experiments single one, two, or if lucky, perhaps three appear to produce a viable offspring in surrogate mothers. There has been no actual proof of why the chances are really low but some researchers say that this is only because we have recently been introduced to cloning, and it will take a while for our technology to evolve so that there is slight chances of error.There has been no evidence that we can successfully create a human clone. But recently is South Korea some scientists were successful in creating stem cells from human embryos that were cloned. This experiment has started to make people think that a world were cloning humans is common, is not far away.Positives of cloningWe could overcome bad genesGenetic illnesses are deadly killers and soon they might just be the thing that causes most deaths. Since humans will continue to reproduce and create life the damage to DNA lines will increase. Damages to DNA line cans create mutations and dangerous genes, but this threat to our life could be easily eliminated if we clone healthy human cells.We could be restored faster after life threating injuriesAfter someone has been in a terrible accident the complete recovery of that person will be near impossible but that person may be able to heal properly by cloning their own cells to recover the damaged area.No more(prenominal) infertilityEven though there are infertility treatments, what would happen if an infertile jibe had a child? The couple would then be able joyfully experience having a family without join through painful procedures, to make themselves fertile.Potential Harms and DisadvantagesWe could age fasterBecause an older cell is often being used to create a human clone, there is the possibility that this imprinted age could be placed on the growing embryo. This would then create premature aging issues and potentially even premature death, all because of the cloning process.Less individualityEven though a human clone is only a genetically exact copy of the cloned person the cloned person might have a loss of individuality since a clone is basically a genetic twin of themselves, not matter how different the two might look.Value of human life might be reducedIf we do clone there will be a possibility the some people might that humans are more of commodity than they are priceless. For example if a couple does not like their child they could just clone a better one, to suit their needs. It might also create a social power structure where sodding(a) humans are at the top and the other humans, naturally made are at the bottom.We Should CloneA lot of people have difficulties having children but if we could clone then there would be no difficulty. For example a couple has their first child but then they hazard out that they are now infertile and wont be able to have more children. The process of cloning would let the couple have more children and if they want they could even have a genetic twin of their first child.We Should Not CloneIf we do clone there is a chance that the clones will be looked down upon.If we create a clone just so the cloned might get a kidney or bone marrow we have to fill out selves if the parents will look down upon the clone because the only reason he was born was to give a kidney. If the parents do think lower of him then th at will result in negative self-esteem and might lead to more homelessness. But there is an even bigger problem what if someone creates perfect soldiers? If this does happen then the world will become corrupted because people will attack others more often and we would start wars. And if the one who wins the war at the end will rule the world and it is not a good thing to let someone who has committed genocide take over the world.Alternatives to cloningCloning organs for others and for researchAdvantage(s)Since there are people in the world who need organs, we could transplant cloned organs so no natural human needs to donate an organ. By cloning organs we could replace non-functional organs with going to the trouble of finding a proper donor. If we clone humans and get clones, we can do studies on their bodies to see how a normal human body works because we are not actually harming a real human just a clone.Disadvantage(s)If we create clones or even parts for research most will cons ider it wrong. We should not look down upon clone, clones are also living creatures and they should be treated just like their cloned counter-parts.Cloning cellsAdvantage(s)Some scientists believe that by injecting cloned healthy heart cells into damaged heart tissue will lead to healing of the heart (Human Cloning Foundation). If we clone and create stem cells we could inject those cells into the human body and prevent things Alzheimers or Parkinsons disease. There are many great things that could come from cloning but if cloning is not allowed then we could never be able to stop terrible diseases.Disadvantage(s)We dont have a clue about the negative effect of cloning in the long run.Before cloning we should figure out what could go pervert and try to fix it.In an evolutionary standpoint, cloning is not good. Evolution relies on a continual mixing and matching of genes to keep the gene pool alive(p) (McCormack). With cloning, the natural process of selection of genes would be by passed and evolution would be impaired.Cloning animals that can be useful for our livesAdvantage(s)We already give animals no rights and think we are better than them so why not continue? By cloning animals to create a perfect animal we can get what we want. For example if we clone a poisonous animal we can take its poison and study it and we can also invent medicine to cure poisons form a clone animal so we wont have to harm a real animal life.Disadvantage(s)If we do clone it would lead to loss of individuality, even for animals. This will be because the animal that is cloned will have its genetic conditions known. This could be a great stress to the clone and possibly even the loss of ability to get hold of for itself (Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs 5). When a farmer knows if an animal has a genetic problem or not he will then decide to keep the animal or to kill it. After all animals do have a mind of their own and they should be allowed to be uninvolved in this worldM y Personal RecommendationAfter doing some research on the possibilities of cloning, I think finding out how we can clone was a great advancement of knowledge. Even though I think cloning is something that could be helpful for us I dont think we should find ways to make life besides to natural way. I think we should use the knowledge of cloning to create new organs and cells. I am on the side of cloning cells and organs because I dont think of it like cloning complete creatures.If we do this it would increase our knowledge of the human body as well as letting us save lives.ConclusionThe knowledge of cloning that we have could change the world for ever or if it is banned it could have minimal effect on our daily lives. Cloning is a process that would create human life form asexually. When a clone is born it will have the same genetic material as the cloned, this could be a great thing for humans.But some think that it is unethical to clone. And because people think that cloning is une thical, many countries have banned cloning. In turn it has caused advancement in technology for cloning to slow down. Even though there is still a lot we dont know about cloning I think it can be used for the good and will one day benefit us.

The Cloud Computing Assignment

The Cloud calculate AssignmentWith the development of Internet and computer computer software technology, there is a long term existence of a vernal trend expected to continue, which is the so-called Cloud Computing. (Hu, L et al, 2009)Boss et al. (2007, p. 4) argue that a Cloud is a pool of virtualized computer resources. (Weinhardt, C et al, 2008)This paper forget briefly look into the definitions of defame compute and its function models, and introduces a cloud work out service by Google for education and universities with its benefits.IntroductionBoss et al. (2007, p. 4), argue that a Cloud is a pool of virtualized computer resources.They consider clouds to complement grid environments by supporting the management of grid resources. In particular, according to this definition, clouds allow the changing scale-in and scale -out of applications by the provisioning and de-provisioning of resources. (Weinhardt, C et al, 2008)The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Techno logy (NIST) defines cloud reckon as a model for enabling convenient and on-demand network rag to a shared pool of configurable work out resources much(prenominal)(prenominal) as networks, servers, storage, applications and services that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.Wikipedia website defines cloud computing as an Internet based computing, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices on demand, like a ordinary utility.http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Cloud_computing.svg/300px-Cloud_computing.svg.pngIn cloud computing environment, applications and the storage of data are significantly different.Applications and data are hosted to the Cloud and no long-dated running or saved on the personal computers. The cloud is formed by a collection of servers and computers and viewing the data and utilise the applications are through with(p) via the Internet. Cloud computing allows the users to access the applications and information from any computer connected to the Internet from anywhere around the world. This makes the remote collaboration easier for the users.Although cloud computing brings a great flexibility and ease of use for the users, but the security and safety of the applications and information is a major concern which must be considered and be on the watch to solve any problems that may occur when switching to cloud computing as web-based data and applications thrust potential security risks. (Hu, L et al, 2009)What Comprises Cloud Computing?According to the definition of cloud computing by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) which mentioned introductory in this paper, cloud computing promotes availability and is comprised by basketball team essential characteristics, three cloud service models, and four cloud deployment models. (See Figure 2)Essential Characteristics return M odelsDeployment ModelsThe service models comprise cloud software as a service (SaaS), cloud platform as a service (PaaS) and cloud foundation as a service (IaaS).Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS)The users are able to use the providers applications running on a cloud infrastructure. Users can access the applications from different client devices via a client port wine such as web browsers. (For example, yahoo email which is web-based). The application providers manage and control the underlying cloud infrastructure including storage, operating systems and networks. This service model normally put limitation on configuration of the applications by users.Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS)The users are capable of deploying onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created by using programming languages and tools which are supported by the providers. Like (SaaS) the users don not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including storage, ope rating systems and network but they have control on deployed applications and possibly are able to con aim the applications.Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)The users are provided with the capability of provision processing, storage, and networks and able to deploy and run arbitrary software including operating systems and applications. Like the other two services that mentioned above, the users do not manage the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over deployed applications, storage and operating systems. (National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2009)DiscussionThe Internet service providers such as Amazon, Google and IBM are extending computing infrastructures and platforms as a core for providing top level services for computation, storage, database and applications. Figure 3 gives an overview of the type of cloud computing services on demand and their providers.Universities needs for ICT and cloud computingIn a very simplified way, the needs for ICT in a university are demonstrated in betoken 4.There are different groups and departments in a university including students and staff who have demand for IT services. As shown in figure 4, an IT department should provide software such as email accounts, special applications for different courses and hardware such as computers and servers for the users.The IT department can shift these services to the cloud to enable students and staff using these services via the providers of SaaS, IaaS and PaaS.For example, an application which is launched by a student resides on the server of the SaaS cloud provider and is accessed via the Internet. Another example is, many of the Customer Relationships Management (CRM) software such as SugarCRM, Oracle and Microsoft CRM are on host SaaS as well as on premise.The same situation applies when extra hardware such as virtual servers or computers is needed for students and staff. In this scenario, the IaaS cloud provider lead execute the service online. If a department or group in the university wants to use all the software and hardware that they need online (i.e. for hosting application developed by a group of students) then it is possible through a PaaS cloud provider. (Sultan, 2010)Cloud Computing CostsCloud computing can help the universities to rationalize the way they manage their resources. One of the good reasons for shifting to cloud computing is to get economic benefit in current recession.Cloud computing prove to be a great benefit and empowering in some situations to the universities imputable to its flexibility and cost structure. (Sultan, 2010)Simplification, costs and convenience of the way of delivering computer related services via cloud computing are the keys which should be considered for shifting to the cloud.Cloud computing come downs IT costs such as installation and maintaining of applications. to a fault continues upgrade of software and hardware and the cost of these products is another reason for univers ities to consider shifting to cloud computing. To promote the university and attract students, universities should always be on the lookout for the new IT services and products. Cloud computing is a way to achieve these products (Software Hardware) at affordable prices.The electrical energy costs for running an IT infrastructure in a university for hardware such as servers, switches and back-up drives could be very expensive. Therefore shifting a university to cloud computing is likely to reduce these costs and other related expenses. (Joint et al, 2009)In addition, cloud computing means shifting the management and responsibility of these service and products to their provider. This may conduct in cost saving with relation to human resources as fewer IT employees will be needed for the IT department.Cloud Computing and the environmentBy lessen the number of hardware devices needed in the university to run the software and applications and replacing them with cloud computing syste ms, the amount of energy for running and cooling the hardware devices will be reduced. Also using cloud computing telecom techniques such as printing and file transfers reduces the need for office space, buying office furniture, disposing of archaic furniture, buying chemicals for cleaning the offices and more. Those cloud telecommunication techniques also may reduce the need for driving to work and resulting in decrease with relation to carbon dioxide emissions. (IBM, 2010)Google Apps for high Education Less IT More IQGoogle offers cloud computing services for higher education and is called Google Apps. Google Apps consists of advanced communication and collaboration tools for education and universities without the cost and complexness of maintaining on-site hardware and software free of charge and advertisements.Currently many of the universities, colleges and schools from all around the world including Kingston College, University of Leeds and University of Portsmouth in the U K are using Google Apps. (See figure 5)Google Apps enable the students getting connected to the campus with vigorous access wand 7 GBs email storage which is protected against spam and viruses. It also enables them to stay connected with intact instance messaging (IM), voice and video chat and file transfering. Students can share calendar and schedule groups, rooms and so on from even mobile phones.Creating and sharing documents such as word, spreadsheets and presentations online from any location by students and teachers is the collaboration feature of Google Apps. They can also share videos that anyone can comment on, tag and rate. Also they are able to build shared websites that include videos, images and documents, create forums and mailing lists.Using Google Apps helps the IT staff to focus on other activities such as adding value to the IT facilities rather than being worried and engaged with the IT problems which may occur. There is no software to install, and no need for h ardware. Google Apps have created a multitude of APIs and have approved partners to help the universities for integrating with their existing IT system. (Google, 2010)ConclusionCloud computing is an emerging and a good model of delivering computing services for education by relying on existing technologies such as Internet, web services and virtualization. It offers the universities substantial cost saving and more efficient way of providing IT services to the students and staff. The universities can reduce their IT services cost such as software, hardware, and maintenance of the applications and shift the responsibility of the IT services to the service providers.Google Apps is an example of cloud computing system for education which is discussed earlier in this paper. Students can get real benefits of Google Apps such as 7 GBs email storage, easy collaboration with each other and the lecturers and so on.Furthermore, cloud computing is environmentally friendly as the reduction in n umber of hardware devices decreases the amount of energy for running and cooling those devices. Also cloud computing telecommunication techniques reduces the need for driving to work and results in reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.It is important to consider that cloud computing might not be able for all organisations such as those which the loss of service as a result of cloud problems is a major concern and may have an wallop on their customer services and loss of sales. Unreliable IT services in a university makes a bad reputation and have effect on the university rank.In conclusion, with the speed of technology innovation and the benefits of clouding it is likely that in the near future the education centres shift their IT services to the cloud. Therefore the safety and security of the censorious data and information is an issue in cloud computing which should be considered by the providers to attract the education centres. For example the law would possibly allow the go vernments or other organisations to access certain data and information. Thus for the time being the universities should consider clouding only on certain data and resources not the deprecative information.

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner :: essays research papers

The Rime of the Ancient mariner               Coleridges poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is written about a Mariner telling his tale of sin and forgiveness to a small group of young men on their way to run into a wedding. The Mariner claims to be responsible for the deaths of everyone on board of a ship he once sailed because he killed a creature that was supposed to earn them the wind they needed to resume sailing after hitting a plateau in the ships movement.      Through the writing style in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Coleridge tries to convince the reader that the events told in the poem could possibly have been real, thus leaving the reader to partially believe the strange narrative and Coleridge is right to do so. The theme of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is Gods forgiveness. The Mariner believes that God has forgiven him for his sins and is telling his tale to the young men on t heir way to a wedding. The Mariner explains that he killed an albatross, and the entire crew dies because of it. The Mariner, however, survives and asks Gods to forgive him for his sins. When the Mariner prays for forgiveness, the curse preventing the souls of the crew from entering Heaven is broken, the Mariners life is spared and Angels from Heaven escort the souls of the dead crewman to the afterlife.     In closing, the whole point of the story becomes clear in the following lines.          "Farewell, farewell provided this I tell          To thee, thou Wedding Guest          He prayeth well, who loveth well          Both man and bird and beast.          "He prayeth best, who loveth best          All things both a bundant and small          For the dear God who loveth us,03          He made and loveth all."          The Mariner, whose eye is bright,